Термодинамика, кинетика и расчеты металлургических процессов

Great advances have taken place in metallurgical processes during the past several decades. Modern, energy saving iron- and steel making or direct reduction technologies as well as copper and other nonferrous metals production are some examples of the recent progress. Energy and environmental issues have been generally considered as the main driving forces for this development. It is, however, clear that the key factor for the progress has been better knowledge of the basic phenomena in the processes. It means both  thermodynamic bases of the prevailing phases and the reactions as well as chemical kinetics and transport phenomena in the reaction system, i.e. transport of heat, mass and momentum. All these are needed to create a representative model or a series of submodels to describe and to simulate the process.
This book is mostly directed to thermochemical and thermodynamic properties of phases and reactions. However, in some parts also structure of phases e.g. slags are discussed as well kinetic and mass transport phenomena.
This book was written as a joint project of professors at National University
of Science and Technology «MISIS» and at Helsinki University of Technology (HUT). It is purpose is to be a general text book for undergraduate or postgraduate students who ha ve metallurgy as their main subject. It is also suitable for self-studying as it has in each chapter, first a fairly thorough theoretical description of the problem followed by calculation examples and plenty of working examples and control questions